AsianScientist (Mar. 18, 2015) – Scientists have found that non-invasive ultrasound technology can be used to treat Alzheimer-like disease and restore memory in mice. Their findings have been published in Science Translational Medicine.
University of Queensland (UQ) researchers discovered that the innovative drug-free approach breaks apart the neurotoxic amyloid plaques that result in memory loss and cognitive decline.
Welcoming the findings, Queensland Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk said they could have a wide impact for the community.
“The Government’s AU$9 million (~US$6.98 million) investment into this technology was to drive discoveries into clinics, and today’s announcement indicates that together with the Queensland Brain Institute, it was a worthwhile investment,” Palaszczuk said.
“I want my Government to encourage more of this type of innovative research. These exciting findings will hopefully be of benefit to all Australians in the future.”
Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research director Professor Jürgen Götz said the new treatment method could revolutionise Alzheimer’s treatment by restoring memory.
“We’re extremely excited by this innovation of treating Alzheimer’s without using drug therapeutics,” Götz said. “The ultrasound waves oscillate tremendously quickly, activating microglial cells that digest and remove the amyloid plaques that destroy brain synapses.”
“The word ‘breakthrough’ is often mis-used, but in this case I think this really does fundamentally change our understanding of how to treat this disease, and I foresee a great future for this approach,” he added.
Alzheimer’s affects more than two-thirds of dementia patients, and approximately a quarter of a million Australians. The total number of dementia cases in Australia is expected to rise to 900,000 by 2050.
“With an ageing population placing an increasing burden on the health system, an important factor is cost, and other potential drug treatments using antibodies will be expensive,” Götz said.
“In contrast, this method uses relatively inexpensive ultrasound and microbubble technology which is non-invasive and appears highly effective.
The approach is able to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier, activating mechanisms that clear toxic protein clumps and restoring memory functions.
“With our approach the blood-brain barrier’s opening is only temporary for a few hours, so it quickly restores its protective role,” Götz said.
Research has been conducted using mice with an Alzheimer’s model, with the next step being to scale the research in higher animal models ahead of human clinical trials, which are at least two years away.
“This treatment restored memory function to the same level of normal healthy mice,” Götz said.
“We’re also working on seeing whether this method clears toxic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases other than Alzheimer’s and whether this also restores executive functions, including decision-making and motor control.”
The article can be found at: Leinenga and Götz (2015) Scanning Ultrasound Removes Amyloid-β and Restores Memory in an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model.
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Source: University of Queensland.
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