AsianScientist (Apr. 9, 2011) – How to put more bang in your biofuels? Nanoparticles! A new study in the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy shows that the addition of alumina nanoparticles can improve the performance and combustion of biodiesel, while producing fewer emissions.
According to lead author R. B. Anand, associate professor of mechanical engineering at the National Institute of Technology in Tiruchirappalli, India, the idea is based on the high surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles, which allow them to act as more efficient chemical catalysts, thus increasing fuel combustion.
The presence of the particles also increases fuel-air mixing in the fuel, which leads to more complete burning.
In the study, Anand and co-author J. Sadhik Basha first used a mechanical agitator to create an emulsion consisting of jatropha biodiesel (a fuel derived from the crushed seeds of the jatropha plant), water, and a surfactant, then blended in different proportions of alumina nanoparticles.
In addition to outperforming regular biofuel, the nanoparticle-spiked fuels produced significantly lower quantities of nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide gases, and created less smoke.
The researchers are now testing other types of nanoparticles, including hollow carbon nanotubes, and their effects on engine lubrication and cooling systems.
One obstacle to the application of this type of nanotechnology is the high cost of nanoparticle production, says Anand, who also cautions that nanoparticles should be used “judiciously”.
The article can be found at: Role of nano-additive blended biodiesel emulsion fuel on the working characteristics of a diesel engine.
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Source: American Institute of Physics.
Disclaimer: This article does not necessarily reflect the views of AsianScientist or its staff.
