AsianScientist (Sep. 22, 2015) – Astronomers from Australian National University (ANU) and University of New South Wales (UNSW) have found large discs of dust around two of the stars, tell-tale signs of planets in the process of forming. Their findings have been published in the journal, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
“We think the Earth and all the other planets formed from discs like these so it is fascinating to see a potential new solar system evolving,” said the lead researcher Dr. Simon Murphy, from the ANU Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics.
“However, other stars of this age usually don’t have discs any more. The red dwarf discs seem to live longer than those of hotter stars like the sun. We don’t understand why,” said Murphy.
The discovery of objects like these two challenges current theories about planet formation, said co-author Professor Warrick Lawson from UNSW.
“It suggests the planet forming process can endure a lot longer than previously thought,” Lawson said.
The red dwarves may also host planets that have already formed from the dusty discs, Murphy said.
“I think a lot of telescopes will be turned toward them in the next few years to look for planets,” Murphy said.
The giveaway that the red dwarves had discs around them was an unusual glow in the infrared spectrum of the stars.
Although the discs were not observed directly, Murphy said such close red dwarves offered a good chance of catching a rare direct glimpse of a disc, or even a planet, by employing specialized telescopes.
“Because they are fainter than other stars and there is not as much glare, young red dwarves are ideal places to directly pick out recently formed planets,” Murphy said.
Lawson said the ability to detect these dim stars has improved dramatically in recent decades, revealing a wealth of information.
“Less than 20 years ago, the notion that the nearest part of the Galaxy would be littered with young stars was a completely novel one,” Lawson said.
“Most of these objects lie in the southern sky and thus are best accessed by telescopes in the southern hemisphere, including those operated by ANU and Australia more broadly.”
The article can be found at: Murphy et al. (2015) New Members of the TW Hydrae Association and Two Accreting M-dwarfs in Scorpius–Centaurus.
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Source: Australian National University; Photo: NASA.
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