Nanoparticle Drug Reverses Parkinson’s-Like Symptoms In Rats

Researchers have used nanoparticles to deliver dopamine to the brains of rats, reversing Parkinson’s-like symptoms without side effects.

AsianScientist (Apr. 29, 2015) – As baby boomers age, the number of people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease is expected to increase. Patients who develop this disease usually start experiencing symptoms around age 60 or older. Currently, there’s no cure, but scientists are reporting a novel approach that reversed Parkinson’s-like symptoms in rats. Their results, published in the journal ACS Nano, could one day lead to a new therapy for human patients.

Dr. Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi and colleagues from the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research note that among other issues, people with Parkinson’s lack dopamine in the brain.

Dopamine is a chemical messenger that helps nerve cells communicate with each other and is involved in normal body movements. Reduced levels cause the shaking and mobility problems associated with Parkinson’s. Symptoms can be relieved in animal models of the disease by infusing the compound into their brains.

However, researchers haven’t yet figured out how to safely deliver dopamine directly to the human brain, which is protected by something called the blood-brain barrier that keeps out pathogens, as well as many medicines. Chaturvedi and Gupta’s team wanted to find a way to overcome this challenge.

They packaged dopamine in biodegradable nanoparticles that have been used to deliver other therapeutic drugs to the brain. The resulting nanoparticles successfully crossed the blood-brain barrier in rats, released its dopamine payload over several days and reversed the rodents’ movement problems without causing side effects.

Following the success of this research, the same method of nanoparticle drug delivery could one day be used as a treatment for Pakinson’s disease.

The article can be found at: Pahuja et al. (2015) Trans-Blood Brain Barrier Delivery Of Dopamine-Loaded Nanoparticles Reverses Functional Deficits In Parkinsonian Rats.

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Source: American Chemical Society; Photo: John Hoey/Flickr/CC.
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