Sweet Revenge Against Superbugs

Three dimensional carbohydrates could prove to be effective new agents against drug resistant bacteria.

AsianScientist (Jul. 30, 2015) – A special type of synthetic sugar could be the latest weapon in the fight against superbugs, according to research published in Nature Communications.

A team of scientists including researchers from Taiwan’s Academia Sinicia, The University of Queensland (UQ) and Queensland biotechnology company Alchemia have discovered a potential new class of antibiotics inspired by sugar molecules produced by bacteria.

Professor Matt Cooper, Director of UQ’s Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) Center for Superbug Solutions, said bacteria were less likely to become resistant to an antibiotic based on a modified version of their own sugar.

“Bacteria have cell walls similar to the walls of a brick house, except instead of mortar the walls are held together by sugar polymers,” Cooper said. “But if you add one of our modified sugar molecules, they stop the linking process, destroying the cell wall and killing the bacteria.”

“The cell wall has been a target for antibiotics such as penicillin and vancomycin before, but the difference here is that we are stopping a centrally important part of the cell wall linking process.”

Study first author Dr. Johannes Zuegg said the team examined hundreds of versions of Alchemia’s modified sugar molecules to find those that will kill bacteria and are non-toxic to human cells.

“Most molecules screened to become drugs have a flat, planar shape, whereas these molecules are three dimensional,” Zuegg said. “This means we can build on the sugar core in a variety of ways to make thousands of different combinations in three dimensional space.”

The article can be found at: Zuegg et al. (2015) Carbohydrate Scaffolds as Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors with in vivo Antibacterial Activity.

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Source: University of Queensland; Photo: NIAID/Flickr/CC..
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